What is "Kosher"
Kosher refers to a set of
biblical rules regarding food and food preparation. When food is prepared
according to these rules it is deemed kosher. Those who take special care to
eat such foods are considered to be kosher.
"Kosher"
– a Definition
"Kosher"
is a Hebrew word that literally means "fit" or "proper."
When used in relation to food products, "kosher" means that the
item in question meets the dietary requirements of Jewish law.
The
principles governing what is kosher and what is not, are rooted in the Written
Torah (the Bible) and the Oral Torah. These laws have been observed by Jews for
over 3,000 years. Over the centuries, the Rabbis have
explained, detailed and organized these Divine laws, applying them to
ever-changing situations and developing technologies.
The
laws relating to kosher foods are intricate and detailed, and it takes years to
master the subject in depth, but the basics are easily understood, as we shall
see below.
Why
Kosher?
Why
do Jews eat kosher? Through the years, people have suggested theories about the
health benefits of kosher food. Some say that kosher food is less vulnerable to
parasites and bacteria. Others theorize that the non-permitted species of
animals are hunters whose natures might affect the characters of the people who
consume them.
Be
that as it may, the bottom line is that Jews eat kosher because G-d
told them to do so, whether or not they understand the whys and
wherefores. If this is what G-d commands, the observant Jew trusts that this
food is the best nourishment for him, body and soul.
It
is easier to understand that foods may have latent physical benefits or dangers
of which we are unaware. Who imagined a century ago that animal fat would be
regarded as a hidden killer? And who would have guessed that the humble carrot
was really a cancer fighter in disguise?
From the Jewish point of
view, kosher food is the optimal diet for our spiritual health, while
foods prohibited by the Torah are the trans fats and refined sugars of our
unique spiritual metabolism. We may not understand exactly how it works – but
we know that "kosher" is the ultimate Jewish regimen!
Kosher foods
Kosher foods are those that conform
to the regulations of kashrut (Jewish dietary law). Food that may be
consumed according to halakha (Jewish law) is termed kosher in English, from the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the Hebrew term kashér (כָּשֵׁר), meaning "fit" (in
this context, fit for consumption). Food that is not in accordance with Jewish
law is called treif (Yiddish: טרײף or treyf, derived from Hebrewטְרֵפָה trēfáh).
A list of some kosher
foods are found in the book of Leviticus 11:1-47, as are also certain kosher
rules. Reasons for food not being kosher include the presence of ingredients
derived from nonkosher animals or from kosher animals that were not slaughtered in the ritually proper manner, a
mixture of meat and milk, wine, or grape juice (or their derivatives) produced
without supervision, the use of produce from Israel that has not been tithed, or the use of non-kosher
cooking utensils and machinery.
Every law of kashrut, according to all
Rabbinic authorities of the ages in a rare agreement, makes the assertion that
the laws can be broken when human life is at stake. Among the dozens of sources
for the laws of pikuach nefesh (the Jewish term for
saving any life) is the multiple discussions in the Talmud, for instance B.
Yoma 83a, "We have agreed in the case of saving a soul he may be given [by
a doctor in this case] to eat even unclean things, until his eyes are lightened
from death".
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